Aromatic co-polyester composition containing polyethylene oxybenzoate and aromatic phenolic polyester

ABSTRACT

A composition comprising an aromatic co-polyester and poly(ethylene oxybenzoate), in which A. THE AROMATIC CO-POLYESTER IS A RESINOUS PRODUCT REPRESENTED BY THE FORMULA: WHEREIN X is -O-, -S-, -SO-, -SO2-, an alkylene group or an alkylidene group; R1, R2, R3, R4, R&#39;&#39;1, R&#39;&#39;2, R&#39;&#39;3 and R&#39;&#39;4, which may be the same or different, each is a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and n is a positive integer which provides a resinous product; B. THE POLY(ETHYLENE OXYBENZOATE) IS PRESENT IN AN AMOUNT OF FROM 0.1 TO 50 WEIGHT % BASED ON THE SUM OF THE WEIGHT OF THE AROMATIC CO-POLYESTER AND THE POLY(ETHYLENE OXYBENZOATE); AND C. THE   MOIETY IN THE ABOVE FORMULA IS A TEREPHTHALIC ACID UNIT OR AN ISOPHTHALIC ACID UNIT, AND IS PRESENT IN THE AROMATIC COPOLYESTER AT A MOLAR RATIO OF 9:1 TO 1:9, RESPECTIVELY, USEFUL AS A COMPOSITION FOR PRODUCING MOLDED ARTICLES HAVING IMPROVED HYDROLYSIS, CRACKING AND CRAZING RESISTANCE.

United States Patent Sakata et al.

[451 May 20, 1975 AROMATIC CO-POLYESTER COMPOSITION CONTAINING POLYETHYLENE OXYBENZOATE AND AROMATIC PHENOLIC POLYESTER [57] ABSTRACT A composition comprising an aromatic co-polyester and poly(ethylene oxybenzoate), in which a. the aromatic co-polyester is a resinous product represented by the formula:

c0 0 x o-co I R4 R3 R R4 21 Inventors: IIiroshi Sakata; Nakaba Asahara;

Yasuhiko Asai; Hirozo Hasegawa, all of Kyoto, Japan Assignee: Unitika, Ltd., Amagasaki, Japan Filed: May 16, 1974 Appl. No.: 470,485

Foreign Application Priority Data May 18, 1973 Japan 48-55297 U.S. Cl. 260/860; 260/40 P; 260/40 R; 260/45.7 P; 260/45.7 R; 260/45.8 NZ;

260/47 C; 260/47 R; 260/49; 260/78.3 R

Int. Cl C08g 39/10 Field of Search 260/860 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 4/1968 Senoo et al. 260/860 10/1970 Kinoshita.... 260/860 1/1971 Bonnard 260/860 3/1972 Berger 260/860 Primary Examiner-Paul Lieberman Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Sughrue, Rothwell, Mion, Zinn & Macpeak b. the poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 50 weight based on the sum of the weight of the aromatic co-polyester and the poly(ethylene oxybenzoate); and

c. the

moiety in the above formula is a terephthalic acid unit or an isophthalic acid unit, and is present in the aromatic co-polyester at a molar ratio of 9:1 to 1:9, respectively, useful as a composition for producing molded articles having improved hydrolysis, cracking and crazing resistance.

23 Claims, No Drawings AROMATIC CO-POLYESTER COMPOSITION CONTAINING POLYETI'IYLENE OXYBENZOATE AND AROMATIC PHENOLIC POLYESTER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to aromatic co-polyester compositions and, more particularly, to aromatic copolyester compositions containing poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) to achieve improved hydrolysis, cracking and crazing resistance in molded articles produced therefrom.

2. Description of the Prior Art In general, aromatic co-polyesters prepared from bisphenols or functional derivatives thereof and a terephthalic acid-isophthalic acid mixture or a mixture of the functional derivatives thereof, i.e., bisphenol terephthalate-bisphenol isophthalate copolyesters, have excellent mechanical properties such as tensile strength, bending strength, bending recovery or impact strength, excellent thermal properties such as deflection temperature under load or degradation temperature, excellent electrical properties such as resistivity, electric breakdown endurance, arc resistance, dielectric constant or dielectric loss and low flamability, good dimensional stability and the like.

These aromatic co-polyesters are thus useful in many fields. Aromatic co-polyesters find special use as plastics for injection molding, extrusion molding, press molding and the like, as monofilaments, films and coatings.

Aromatic co-polyesters have excellent characteristics in the various fields mentioned above, but unfortunately, products produced from these aromatic copolyesters, especially molded plastics, show crazing when left in hot water or steam, The term crazing means the phenomena that molded products become cloudy, partially or completely, with a fine crack-like pattern being generated on the surface of or in the interior of the products. Crazing not only reduces the transparency of the products, which is one of the char-.

acteristics of aromatic co-polyesters, but reduces the toughness of the products, so that the impact strength and the elongation at yield of the molded products is reduced.

On the other hand, cracking is the long-time brittle failure of a material under stress appreciably below the limits of the short-time strength of the material. The phenomena of cracking is observed not only in plastics but also in various materials. Corrosion-cracking of metals, frost-cracking of rocks, and seasoning cracking of woods are all examples of cracking.

For materials to be durable, cracking resistance is most important and such is important with respect to the durabilityof aromatic co-polyesters as well. While prior art aromatic co-polyesters have the excellent properties set forth above, they are subject to cracking and crazing and therefore are not completely satisfactory as molding materials.

co o gxgjo cog SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of this invention to improve the hydrolysis resistance of articles made from aromatic copolyesters.

It is another object of this invention to reduce the cracking and crazing of articles made from aromatic co-polyesters.

It is a further object of this invention to improve the moldability of aromatic co-polyesters.

It is still another object of this invention to provide novel aromatic co-polyester compositions which can be used as molded articles, mono-filaments, films and the like.

These and other objects of this invention will become apparent from the description of the invention given hereinafter.

It has been found that the incorporation of poly(ethylene oxybenzoate), as hereafter defined, into an aromatic co-polyester prior to the molding of the aromatic co-polyester improves these disadvantages, i.e., according to the present invention, the hydrolysis resistance can be effectively prevented and the cracking and crazing resistance can be increased. Moreover, the

5 compositions of the present invention have high hydroaromatic co-polyester and poly(ethylene oxybenzoate), in which a. the aromatic co-polyester is a resinous product represented by the formula:

wherein X is O, S, SO, SO an alkylene group (e.g., having 1 to about 7 carbon atoms) or an alkylidene group (e.g., having 1 to about 7 carbon atoms); R,, R R R R R R and R which may be the same or different, each is a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or a hydrocarbon group having I to 6 carbon atoms and n is a positive integer which provides a resinous product;

b. the poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 50 weight based on the sum of the weight of the aromatic co-polyester and the poly- (ethylene oxybenzoate); and

c. the

moiety in the above formula is a terephthalic acid unit 5 tance.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The aromatic co-polyesters of this invention are resins prepared from bisphenols selected from the group consisting of bisphenols of the general formula:

and the functional derivatives thereof, in which X- is O, -S-, SO, SO2,an alkylene group, and an alkylidene group, R R R R,,, R,, R R and R.,, which can be the same or different, each is a member selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and a hydrocarbon group. The number of the carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon can suitably range from 1 to 6. Typical functional derivatives of the bisphenols are the metal salts and the di-esters with an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. More preferred functional derivatives of the bisphenols are the sodium salts, the potassium salts or diacetate esters thereof. Examples of the bisphenols which can be used in this invention are 4,4-dihydroxydiphenyl ether, 4,4- '-dihydroxy-2,2'-dimethyl-diphenyl ether, 4,4- dihydroxy-3,3-dichloro-diphenyl ether, 4,4- dihydroxydiphenyl thioether, 4,4-dihydroxy-diphenyl sulfide, 4,4dihydroxy-3,3'-dichloro-diphenyl sulfide, 4,4'-dihydroxy-diphenyl sulfone, 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3- dichloro-diphenyl sulfone, 4,4-dihydroxy-diphenylmethane, l,l-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethane, 2,2-bis(4- hydroxyphenyl)-propane, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5- dichlorophenyl)-propane, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5- dibromophenyl)-propane, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3- methylphenyD-propahe, l,l-bis( 4-hydroxyphenyl)-nbutane, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-cyclohexyl-methane, l,- l-bis( 4-hydroxyphenyl )-2 ,2,2-trichloro-ethane, and the like. Mixtures of such bisphenols can also be used in this invention. Of these bisphenols, 2,2-bis(4- hydroxyphenyl)-propane and 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5- dibromophenyl)-propane are generally used.

As the acid component which is reacted with the bisphenols to prepare the aromatic co-polyesters of this invention, a mixture of from 90 to mol% of terephthalic acid or the functional derivatives and from 10 to 90 mol% of isophthalic acid or its functional derivatives is used. More preferably, a mixture of from to 70 mol% of terephthalic acid or its functional derivatives and from 70 to 30 mol% of isophthalic acid or its functional derivatives is employed. Aromatic co-polyesters prepared from the bisphenols and a mixture of 50 mol% of terephthalic acid or its functional derivatives and 50 mol% of isophthalic acid or its functional derivatives is most preferred as a standard grade aromatic co-polyester.

4 As functional derivatives of terephthalic or isophthalic acid, acid-halides such as terephthaloyl or isophthaloyl dichloride andterephthaloyl or isophthaloyl dibromide, and diesters such as the di-alkyl esters having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or diaryl esters, are most preferred. Typical examples thereof are diphenyl terephthalate and diphenyl isophthalate.

The aromatic co-polyesters of this invention can be represented by the formula:

wherein X- is O, S, SO, SO an alkylene group, or an alkylidene group, R R R R R R R and R which can be the same or different, each is selected from the group, consisting of a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and a hydrocarbon group (the number of carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group is l to 6) and n is an integer, the aromatic co-polyesters preferably having a logarithmic viscosity as hereafter defined of 0.3 to 1.5.

The aromatic co-polyesters of this invention can be prepared by several methods. For example, an interfacial polycondensation process can be used. In this case an aqueous alkaline solution of a bisphenol and a terephthaloyl dihalide-isophthaloyl dihalide mixture dissolved in an organic solvent which is immiscible with water are mixed and reacted. Suitable interfacial polycondensation processes which can be used are disclosed, for example, in W. M. Eareckson, J. Polymer Sci., XL 399 (1959) and Japanese Patent Publication No. 1959/65.

The following is a typical polycondensation process.

An aqueous alkali solution of a bisphenol is added to a terephthaloyl dihalide-isophthaloyl dihalide mixture, more preferably a terephthaloyl dichlorideisophthaloyl dichloride mixture, dissolved in an organic solvent, or an organic solvent solution of a terephthaloyl dihalide-isophthaloyl dihalide mixture is added to an aqueous alkaline solution of a bisphenol. Alternatively, an aqueous alkaline solution of a bisphenol and an organic solvent solution of a terephthaloyl dihalideisophthaloyl dihalide mixture can be simultaneously added to a reaction vessel. lnterfacial polycondensation takes place near the interface of the aqueous phase and the organic phase. However, since the aqueous phase and the organic phase essentially are not miscible, it is necessary to mutually disperse the phases. For

this purpose an agitator or a mixer such as Homo-mixer can be used.

The concentration of the terephthaloyl dihalideisophthaloyl dihalide mixture dissolved in the organic solvent is usually from about 2 to 25 weight more preferably from 3 to 15 weight The concentration of the bisphenol in the aqueous alkaline solution is also usually from about 2 to 25 weight more preferably from 3 to 15 weight The amount of the bisphenol and of the terephthaloyl dihalide-isophthaloyl dihalide mixture used (molar ratio) is preferably maintained equivalent. An excess of the terephthaloyl dihalide-isophthaloyl dihalide mixture is not desirable in the preparation of the high molecular weight aromatic co-polyester.

Preferred alkalis are sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. The concentration of the alkali in the aqueous solution can vary widely depending upon the reaction conditions, but is usually in the range from about 0.5 to weight It is advantageous if the quantity of alkali is nearly equivalent to the hydroxy groups of the bisphenol used or present in a slight excess. The preferred molar ratio of the alkali to the hydroxy group of the bisphenol is from 1 to 2, most preferably from 1 to 1.1.

As organic solvents which can be used for dissolving the terephthaloyl dihalide-isophthaloyl dihalide mix ture, hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons are used. For example, methylene dichloride, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1 ,2- trichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, benzene and methylbenzene can be employed. Especially, preferred are those solvents which also dissolve the aromatic copolyesters produced. The most preferred solvent is methylene dichloride.

The reaction temperature is not strictly limited, and depends on the solvent used. For example, in the case of methylene dichloride, the reaction temperature is usually preferably below 40C, with from 5 to 30C being especially preferred.

lnterfacial polymerization is usually conducted at normal pressure and is completed in about 1 to 2 hours.

Antioxidants, dispersing agents, catalysts and viscosity stabilizers can be added to the aqueous alkaline solution or to the reaction mixture, if desired. Typical examples of such agents are as follows. As antioxidants, sodium hydrosulfite or sodium bisulfite can be used. As dispersing agents, anionic surface-active agents such as sodium lauryl sulfate and octadecyl benzene sulfonate, cationic surface-active agents such as cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, and nonionic surface-active agents such as poly(ethylene oxide) can be used. As catalysts, quaternary ammonium compounds such as trimethyl benzyl ammonium hydroxide, trimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and triethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, tertiary sulfonium compounds such as dimethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl sulfonium chloride, quaternary phosphonium compounds such as triphenyl methyl phosphonium iodide and quaternary arsonium compounds such as triphenyl methyl arsonium iodide and trimethyl octyl arsonium iodide can be used. Tertiary ammonium compounds such as trimethyl amine, triethyl amine and benzyl dimethyl amine can also be used as catalysts. As viscosity stabilizers, mono-valent compounds, especially mono-valent phenol compounds such as p-cumyl phenol, o-phenyl phenol, pphenyl phenol, m-cresol and B-naphthol can be used, if desired.

Another useful method for forming the aromatic copolyesters is melt polymerization, as disclosed, for example, in A. Conix, Ind. Eng. Chem., 51 147 (1959), in Japanese PatentPublication 15,247/63 and in US. Pat. No. 3,395,119.

Melt polymerization can be conducted, for example, by heating and reacting an aliphatic carboxylic acid diester of a bisphenol and a terephthalic acid-isophthalic acid mixture at reduced pressure. A preferred diester of the bisphenol is the diacetate. Melt polymerization can also be conducted by heating and reacting a bislysts such as zinc oxide, lead oxide and antimony dioxide can also be used, however.

Still another method for forming the co-polyesters is solution polymerization, in which the aromatic copolyesters are prepared by reacting a bisphenol with terephthaloyl dihalide and isophthaloyl dihalide in an organic solvent. Solution polymerizations which can be used are disclosed, for example, in A. Conix, Ind. Eng. Chem., 51 147 (1959), and in US. Pat. No. 3,133,898.

In solution polymerization, the bisphenol and the mixture of terephthaloyl dihalide and isophthaloyl dihalide, e.g., terephthaloyl dichloride and isophthaloyl dichloride, are usually mixed in equimolar proportions in an organic solvent, and the mixture is warmed gradu ally to high temperatures such as about 220C. As the organic solvent used, those solvents which also dissolve the aromatic co-polyesters produced, such as dichloroethyl benzene, are preferred. Usually, the reaction is carried out in the presence of a base to neutralize the hydrogen halide, e.g., hydrogen chloride, formed.

In order to insure good physical properties and moldability for the aromatic co-polyesters in this invention, the aromatic co-polyesters should have a logarithmic viscosity of from 0.3 to 1.5, more preferably from 0.4 to 0.8. Logarithmic viscosity (7 inh) is defined by the relationship wherein t, is the falling time (in seconds) of the polymer solution; 1 is the falling time (in seconds) of the solvent; and C is the concentration (in g/dl) of the polymer in the solution. The logarithmic viscosity in this invention is determined in a l,1,2,2-tetrachloroethanephenol mixture (weight ratio 4/6) at 25C.

The poly(ethylene-p-oxybenzoate) as is employed in this invention can be prepared using any known method. Poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) (hereinafter designated as PEOB) has a repeating unit substantially represented by the formula:

O-CH2CH2-O-@-CO- PEOB can be partially substituted with other repeating units, e.g., an ethylene terephthalate unit. Furthermore, PEOB can be used in combination with other polymers, e.g., polyethylene terephthalate. A preferred PEOB as is used in this invention has an intrinsic viscosity ([17]) of from 0.3 to 1.3, more preferably from 0.5 to 1.1. The intrinsic viscosity is defined by the relationship il C above 5 weight the hydrolysis resistance, cracking phenol and a mixture of a diaryl ester of terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid. A typical diaryl ester is the diphenyl ester. The reaction temperature employed is in the range of from about 150 to 350C, more preferably from 180 to 320C. The reaction pressure is usually varied during the course of the reaction from atmo-' Hydrolysis in a polyester resin generally occurs under conditions in which the polyester resin contacts water and follows a reduction in molecular weight. Therefore, the degree of hydrolysis can be detected by the change in the molecular weight, i.e., change in the intrinsic viscosity "ninh. Moreover, as a result of the hydrolysis of the resin, various physical properties, e.g., breaking strength, impact strength, bending strength, etc., are reduced.

The term improved moldability means that molding can be carried out under mild conditions due to reduced melt viscosity and improved polymer flow.

Using PEOB in an amount of rom 0.1 to weight crazing is effectively prevented and other properties and advantages of the aromatic co-polyester are fully maintained even at such small amounts.

It is suprizing that crazing of the aromatic copolyester in this invention could be so substantially improved by the incorporation of such a small amount of PEOB.

When a great improvement in the resistance to cracking and hydrolysis, in the moldability of the aromatic co-polyester and in crazing is required, PEOB is added to the aromatic co-polyester in an amount of from 5 to 30 weight As is shown in Table 1 below, upon adding PEOB to the aromatic co-polyester of the present invention in an amount less than weight the tensile strength, bending strength or impact strength do not differ essentially from an aromatic copolyester which does not contain PEOB. The heat distortion temperature is somewhat reduced while the molding capability is greatly improved. Crazing is not encountered.

The effects of PEOB at varying amounts are tabulated in Table l. The aromatic co-polyester in Table l was prepared by interfacial polycondensation using 2,- 2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane and a terephthaloyl dichloride-isophthaloyl dichloride mixture (molar ratio of terephthaloyl dichloride to isophthaloyl dichloride of 1:1 as follows.

120 l of an aqueous solution containing 5.51 Kg of 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane, 184.7 g of ophenyl phenol, 2.13 Kg of sodium hydroxide, 27.5 g of sodium hydrosulfite and 45 ml of an aqueous solution of trimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride [containing 0.5 weight of trimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy phenyl)-propane] was prepared and maintained at 14C. l of a methylene dichloride solution containing 2.45 Kg of terephthaloyl dichloride and 2.45 Kg of isophthaloyl dichloride was prepared and also maintained at 14C. Both solutions were simultaneously poured into a 200 l-glass-lined vessel equipped with a stirrer over a 60 second period. The mixture was stirred and the temperature maintained at 20C. After 2 hours of reaction, the methylene dichloride phase was separated by centrifugal separation. The resulting methylene dichloride solution was washed three times by vigorously stirring the solution with an equal volume of water, and then filtered. The aromatic copolyester was separated by evaporation of the methylene dichloride from the solution using a kneader at about 40C. The separated aromatic co-polyester was then washed with hot water at 80C to remove occluded methylene dichloride and dried at 120C. The logarithmic viscosity of the aromatic co-polyester was 0.60, determined as earlier described.

The PEOB in Table l was prepared by A-TELL Co. Ltd., and the intrinsic viscosity thereof was 0.51, determined as earlier described.

Table 1 Mechanical Properties and injection Molding Conditions of Various Aromatic Co-polyester/PEOB Systems Composition Evaluation [Aromatic co-polyester Poly(ethylene oxybenzoate)] Retention of ninh" (Vol 97 98 99 99 99 99 99 Tensile Stren th 710 680 670 660 640 620 560 520 (Kg cm) Bending Strength" 760 780 740 710 660 640 580 560 (Kg/ m) Impact Strength" 6.8 7.5 7.9 7.4 7.0 6.3 5.4 4.3

(Kg.cm/cm) Heat Distortion 171 165 162 156 153 142 121 108 Temperature (C) Molding Conditions Molding Temperature (C) 320 300 280 280 260 260 260 260 Injection Pressure 1300 1070 1050 1000 1000 760 760 760 (Kg/ m) Mold Temperature (C) 120 90 90 90 80 80 80 "The molding is immersed in hot water at 80C for 5 days:

ninh (treated) 00 The addition of PEOB in amounts exceeding 50 weight "/z is usually not desirable. in this case, it has been ascertained that while the polymer flow becomes good so that molding can be carried out under mild conditions, many molding sinks occur on the surface of the molded articles and the mechanical properties, such as tensile, bending or impact strength, are markedly reduced.

To add PEOB to the aromatic co-polyesters of this invention, any well known mixing technique can be usedv For example, granules or powders of these two components can be mixed and blended using a V- blender, l-lenschel mixer, Super mixer or Kneader, and then the mixture immediately molded. Alternatively, the mixture can be formed into pellets after melting using an extruder, a cokneader, an intensive mixer or the like, and then molded. The pelletizing or molding temperature is generally in the range of from about 250 to 350C, more preferably 260 to 320C.

Another addition method comprises adding PEOB to a solution of the aromatic co-polyester and then evaporating off the solvent. As the solvent, those solvents which dissolve the aromatic co-polyester can be used, such as methylene dichloride, tetrachloroethane and chloroform. The most preferred solvent is methylene dichloride.

The most suitable method for any particular system can be chosen depending on the composition and the desired shape and properties of the molded articles to be produced therefrom.

In order to improve the heat resistance, light stability, weatherability or oxidation resistance of the composition or articles produced according to this invention, agents preventing thermal degradation, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbants and the like can be added thereto, if desired. For example, benzotriazole, aminophenyl benzotriazole, benzophenone, trialkyl phosphates, such as trioctyl phosphate and tributyl phosphate, trialkyl phosphites such as trioctyl phosphite, and triaryl phosphites such as triphenyl phosphite, can be used. These materials are conveniently added to the aromatic co-polyester containing PEOB of this invention at any time prior to molding. Known plasticizers, such as the phthalate esters, e.g., dioctyl terephthalate and dioctyl isophthalate, and colorants, such as carbon black and titanium dioxide, can also be added if desired, in commonly used amounts as are known in this art. Other known polymers, such as polyolefins, e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene, and vinyl type polymers, e.g., polyvinylchloride, polymethylmethacrylate, and polyethylene terephthalate and the like, can also be added, if desired.

The aromatic co-polyesters containing PEOB of this invention can be used to form many useful articles using generally known molding methods such as injection molding, extrusion molding, press molding and the like. Typical examples of final products produced therefrom are films, monofilaments, injection molded materials such as machine parts, automobile parts, electrical parts, vessels and springs. The aromatic copolyesters containing PEOB of this invention find special use as engineering plastics for various uses which require good properties.

The invention will now be further illustrated by reference to the following examples, in which all parts, percents, ratios and the like are by weight unless otherwise stated. This invention is not, however, to be construed as being limited to these examples.

EXAMPLE 1 An aromatic co-polyester was prepared by interfacial polycondensation as follows.

To a 200 l-stainless vessel equipped with a stirrer, about 100 l of an aqueous alkaline solution which contained 2.04 Kg of sodium hydroxide, 5.51 Kg of 2,2- bis(4-hydroxy phenyl)propane, 27.5 g of sodium hydrosulfite and 45 ml of an aqueous solution of trimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, which contained 0.5 weight of trimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to 2,2bis(4-hydroxy phenyl)propane, were added, and the system dissolved while stirring and bubbling nitrogen gas through the mixture. To the resulting solution, an aqueous solution in which 102.6 g of ophenyl phenol and 47.2 g of sodium hydroxide were dissolved was added. While the mixed solution was maintained at 14C, the total volume of the solution was adjusted to 120 l by adding additional water.

On the other hand, 2.45 Kg of terephthaloyl dichloride and 2.45 Kg of isophthaloyl dichloride were dissolved in methylene dichloride in a 150 l-glass lined vessel equipped with a stirrer. The mixture was maintained at 14C and the total volume of the solution adjusted to 60 l by adding additional methylene dichloride. The molar ratio of terephthaloyl dichloride to the isophthaloyl dichloride was 1:1.

Both solutions were simultaneously poured into a 200 l-glass lined vessel equipped with a stirrer over a period of 60 seconds. The mixture was stirred vigorously at 20C under atmospheric pressure for 2 hours. The methylene dichloride phase was separated by centrifugal separation. 60 l of water was then added to the methylene dichloride phase, and then acetic acid was added and the pH of the mixture maintained at 4. After 20 minutes of stirring, the methylene dichloride phase was separated and was washed twice with 60 l of water. The methylene dichloride solution, after filtration, was placed in a 100 l-kneader and the aromatic copolyester was separated from the solution while kneading vigorously and evaporating off methylene dichloride at 40 to C. The aromatic co-polyester separated was washed with hot water at 80C for 30 minutes to remove occluded methylene dichloride, and then dried at 120C. The logarithmic viscosity of the aromatic co-polyester was 0.65.

parts of this aromatic co-polyester and 5 parts of PEOB powder (made by A-TELL Co. Ltd., [17) 0.84) were mixed for 2 hours with a V-blender.

The resulting mixed powder was then dried to a water content below 0.02 weight at 120C, and extruded using an extruder (40 m/md), L/D 18) at 300C and pelletized.

ASTM test pieces as shown in Table 2 were injection molded from the pellets prepared as above. The molding temperature was 300C, the injection pressure was 1200 Kg/cm and the mold temperature was C. The molded products had clear surfaces and were transparent. No molding sinks or flow marks were observed.

The moldings were immersed in hot water at 80C for 5 hours, and no crazing was observed.

On the contrary, molding pieces from the aromatic co-polyester per se required more severe conditions for molding, i.e., a molding temperature of 320C, an injection pressure of 1,300 Kg/cm and a mold temperature of C, and extreme crazing occurred under the same conditions as described above. The products were consequently brittle.

The molding pieces of the above aromatic copolyester containing by weight of PEOB were superior to the molding pieces of the aromatic co-polyester per se in almost all mechanical properties as shown in Table 2, and in moldability and chemical resistance.

Table 2 Mechanical Properties of the Aromatic Co-polyester Before Craze-treatment conditions described in Example 1.

After leaving all of the test pieces at C, relative humidity for 20 days, serious crazing was observed in the molding pieces of the aromatic co-polyesters 5 without the PEOB. On the contrary, crazing was not observed in the test pieces containing 3 parts of PEOB. Several mechanical property tests were performed Sample Example 1 Comparison Aromatic Co-polyester Aromatic Co- Evaluation Containing 5 wt.71 of polyester and the variation of ninh were measured on these test 97 parts of the aromatic co-polyester powder of Example 1 and 3 parts of PEOB powder (made by A- TELL Co. Ltd.,[17] 0.64) were mixed using a supermixer for 20 minutes. The blend was dried to a water content below 0.02 weight then pelletized as in Example l. The resulting pellets were injection molded into ASTM test pieces. The molding temperature was 300C, the injection pressure was 1,230 Kg/cm and the mold temperature was C. For comparison, the aromatic co-polyester without PEOB was injection molded into the same type of test pieces under the more severe pieces before and after the crazing treatment described above. The results obtained are shown in Table 3.

The test pieces from the aromatic co-polyester without the PEOB almost all broke during the testing after the crazing treatment or showed reduced mechanical properties and the ninh was decreased greatly, but the test pieces which were prepared according to this invention after the crazing treatment retained their excellent properties and only a slight decrease in ninh was observed. Most particularly, the excellent bending recovery of the aromatic co-polyester of this invention was maintained.

Table 3 Mechanical Properties of the Aromatic Co-polyester Sample Example 2 Comparison Aromatic Co-poly- Aromatic Co-polyester Containing ester without Evaluation 3 wt.% of PEOB PEOB Untreated" Treated Untreated" Treated Tensile Strength (Kg/em .755 750 730 600 Bending Strength (Kglcm 795 790 740 Broken Modulus of Bending (Kglcm 19,400 l 9,300 18,400 Broken Recovery Ratio after Bending 100 99 100 Broken Impact Strength (Kg.cm/cm) 8.8 8.7 8.6 3.4 Heat Distortion Temperature (C) 169 169 171 171 0.63 0.62 0.63 0.55

"Not subjected to crazing treatment *"ASTM D-638-64T TypeJ Thickness 3.2 mm

"ASTM D-790-66 X 13" 6.4 (mm) 7 0.05

"ASTM D-256-56 63.5" X l2.7 X l2.7" (mm) Notch: 45". 2.5 mm deep, 0.245 mm rad. ""ASTM D 648-56 127" X 12.7" X 6.3 (mm) EXAMPLE 3' The crack resistance test was performed on the ASTM test pieces (ASTM D-790-66, 130- X 13" X 6.4 (mm), 0.05) which were prepared in Example 1.

cracking occurred per 50 test pieces tested was meal5 sured. The results obtained are shown in Table 4.

The mechanical properties, electrical properties and thermal properties of the dumbbell test pieces were essentially equal to those formed of an aromatic copolyester which did not contain PEOB.

' EXAMPLE 5 An aromatic co-polyester was prepared by interfacial polycondensation as described in Example 1, except for using 4.92 Kg of 4,4'-dihydroxy-diphenylether. The

10 aromatic co-polyester, had a logarithmic viscosity of 95 parts of this aromatic co-polyester and 5 parts of PEOB powder (made by A-TELL Co., [1 0.70) were mixed for 2 hours using a V-blender.

The resulting mixed powder was then dried to a water content below 0.02 weight at 120C, and extruded Table 4 Crack Resistance of the Aromatic Co-polyester Sample Example 3 Comparison Aromatic Co-poly- Aromatic Co-poly- Evaluation ester Containing ester without 5 wt.% of PEOB PEOB Number of Test Pieces in which Cracking Occurred 37 As is apparent from the results in Table 4, cracking was observed on almost all of the test pieces produced from the aromatic copolyester without PEOB. On the contrary, cracking was not at all observed on the test pieces produced from the aromatic co-polyester containing by weight of PEOB.

EXAMPLE 4 Aromatic co-polyester pellets containing PEOB were prepared as described in Example 1 except for using 99 parts of the aromatic co-polyester powder as described in Example 1 and 1 part of PEOB powder. From these pellets ASTM dumbbell test pieces (ASTM D-638- 64T, Type-l, Thickness 3.2 mm) were injection molded. The molding temperature was 310C, the mold temperature was 1 C and the injection pressure was 1,200 Kg/cm A crazing treatment for the dumbbell test pieces was carried out as described in Example 1. Crazing was not observed and no change in the "qinh was observed.

using an extruder m/mrb, L/D 18) at 300C and then pelletized.

ASTM test pieces as shown in Table 5 were injection molded from the pellets prepared as above. The molding temperature was 280c, the injection pressure was 1,200 Kg/cm and the mold temperature was C.

35 The molded product had clear surfaces and were transparent. No sinks and flow marks were observed.

The moldings were immersed in hot water at 80C for 5 days, and no crazing was observed.

On the contrary, molding pieces produced from the aromatic co-polyester per se required more severe conditions for molding, i.e., a molding temperature of 300C, an injection pressure of 1,300 Kg/cm and a mold temperature of C, and extreme crazing occurred under the same conditions as described above. The products were consequently brittle.

The molding pieces of the above aromatic copolyester containing 5% by weight of PEOB were superior to the molding piece of the aromatic co-polyester per se in almost all mechanical properties as shown in Table 5, and in moldability and chemical resistance.

Table 5 Mechanical Properties of the Aromatic Co-polyester before Craze-treatment Sample Comparison Aromatic Co-poly- Example 5 Aromatic Co-poly- ASTM D-638-647 Type-l Thickness 3.2 mm 'ASTM D-790-66 X 13 X 6.4" (mm) 7 0.05 ASTM D-695-637 25.4" X 12.7" X 12.7" (mm) "ASTM D-648-56 127" X 12.7 X 6.3T (mm) EXAMPLE 6 On the test pieces which were prepared in Example 5, the changes in several mechanical properties and the properties and the intrinsic viscosity before and after the crazing treatment, and crack resistance were measured. The results obtained are shown in Tables 6 and 7, respectively. On the test pieces produced from the aromatic co-polyester containing 5% by weight of PEOB, no crazing was observed and a reduction in the intrinsic viscosity was substantially not observed. On the contrary, crazing was greatly observed and an extreme reduction in the intrinsic viscosity also occurred on the test pieces from the aromatic eo-polyester without the PEOB.

Further, essentially no reduction in the mechanical properties after the crazing treatment observed on those test pieces produced from the aromatic copolyester containing 5 weight of PEOB. On the other hand, on those produced from the aromatic copolyester without the PEOB, an extreme reduction in the mechanical properties occurred.

Still further, the test pieces from the aromatic copolyester containing 5% by weight of PEOB were superior to the test pieces from the aromatic co-polyester per se in crack resistance.

Table 6 for using 5.30 Kg of 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl thioether. The aromatic co-polyester had a logarithmic viscosity of 0.65.

parts of this aromatic co-polyester and 5 parts of PEOB powder (made by A-TELL Co. Ltd., [1 =0.84) were mixed for 2 hours with a V-blender.

The resulting mixed powder was then dried to a water content below 0.02 weight at 120C, and extruded using an extruder (40 m/mqS, L/D 18) at 300C and pelletized.

ASTM test pieces as shown in Table 8 were injection molded from the pellets prepared as above. The molding temperature was 280C, the injection pressure was 1,200 Kg/cm and the mold temperature was C.

The molded products had clear surfaces and were transparent. No molding sinks or flow marks were observed.

The moldings were immersed in hot water at 80C for 5 days, and no crazing was observed.

On the contrary, molding pieces from the aromatic copolyester per se required more severe conditions for molding, i.e., a molding temperature of 300C, an injection pressure of 1,300 Kg/cm and a mold temperature of C, and extreme crazing occurred under the same conditions as described above. The products Mechanical Properties of the Aromatic Co-polyestcr Sample Example 6 Aromatic Co-polyester Containing Comparison Aromatic Co-polyester without Not subjected to crazing treatment ASTM D-638-64T Type-l Thickness 3,2 mm ASTM D-790-66 X 13" X 6.4 (mm) 'y 0,05

"ASTM D-256-56 63.5" X 12.7" X 12.7' (mm) Notch; 45, 2.5 mm deep, 0.245 mm rad.

"ASTM D648-56 127" X 12.7" X 63" (mm) "Prepared as in Example 5 Table 7 Crack Resistance of the Aromatic Co-polyestcr Sample Example 6 Comparsion Aromatic Co-poly- Aromatic Co-poly- Evaluation ester Containing ester without 5 wt.% of PEOB PEOB Number of Test Pieces in which Cracking Occurred" 0 33 EXAMPLE 7 An aromatic co-polyester was prepared by interfacial polycondensation as described in Example 1, except 65 consequently were brittle.

The molding pieces from the above aromatic copolyester containing 5% by weight of PEOB were superior to the molding pieces from the aromatic copolyester per se in almost all mechanical properties as shown in Table 9, moldability and chemical resistance.

EXAMPLE 9 An aromatic co-polyester was prepared by interfacial polycondensation as described in Example 1, except 5 Table 8 Mechanical Properties of the Aromatic Co-polyester before Craze-treatment Sample Example 7 Comparison Aromatic Co-poly- Aromatic Co-poly- "ASTM D-63864T Type-l Thickness 3.2 mm ASTM D'790-66 130" X 13" X 6.4 (mm) 7 0.05 ASTM D-695-63T 25.4 X 12.7 X 121 (mm) "ASTM D 648-56 lZ7" X I17 X 6.3 (mm) EXAMPLE 8 The changes in several mechanical properties and the intrinsic viscosity before and after the crazing treatment, and the crack resistance were measured on the test pieces which were prepared in Example 7. The results obtained are given in Tables 9 and 10, respectively. On the test pieces from the aromatic copolyester containing 5% by weight of PEOB, no crazing was observed and substantially no reduction in the intrinsic viscosity was observed. On the contrary, on the test pieces from the aromatic co-polyester without PEOB, a large amount of crazing is obtained and an extreme reduction in the intrinsic viscosity also occurred.

Further, on those containing 5 weight of PEOB, almost no reduction in mechanical properties after the crazing treatment was observed. On the other hand, on those without PEOB, an extreme reduction in mechanical properties occurred.

Still further, the test pieces from the aromatic polyester containing by weight of PEOB were superior to the test pieces from the aromatic co-polyester per se in crack resistance.

Table 9 for using 6.17 Kg 4,4'dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone. The aromatic eo-polyester had a logarithmic viscosity of The aromatic co-polyester obtained was dissolved in methylene dichloride, with the concentration of aromatic co-polyester being about 10 weight To this aromatic co-polyester solution 20-mesh PEOB powder (made by A-TELL Co. Ltd., [1 0.69) was added to provide a slurry. The weight ratio of the aromatic 00- polyester and the PEOB was 93:7. With vigorous stirring, acetone at twice the volume of the methylene dichloride solution was added to the slurry and the aromatic co-polyester containing PEOB was precipitated as a powder. The precipitated polymer was washed with hot water and dried to a water content of below 0.02 weight Using powder, ASTM test pieces were injection molded, with the molding temperature being 300C, the injection pressure being 1,160 Kglcm and the mold temperature being C. The resulting test pieces were tested using the same crazing treatment as described in Example 1. Crazing was not observed. Several of the mechanical properties of the test pieces Mechanical Properties of the Aromatic Copolyester Sample Example 8 Aromatic Co-poly ester Containing Comparison Aromatic Co-polyester without Evaluation 5 wt.% of PEOB PEOB Untreated" Treated Untreated" Treated ninh 0.65 0.64 0.65 0.62 Tensile Strength (Kg/cm 750 740 720 670 Bending Strength (Kg/cm) 760 780 730 Broken Modulus of Bending (Kg/cm )v. 19,400 19,300 19,000 Broken Recovery Ratio after Table 9 Continued Mechanical Properties of the Aromatic Co-polyestcr Sample Example 8 Comparison Aromatic Co-poly- Aromatic Co-polyester Containing ester without Evaluation 5 wt.% of PEOB PEOB Untreated" Treated Untreated" Treated Bending 100 99 100 Broken Impact Strength" (Kg.cm/cm) 8.5 8.3 8.2 3.0 Heat Distortion Temperature (C) I66 164 l70 l69 "Not subjected to crazing treatment ASTM D-63864T Type-l Thickness 3.2 mm

"ASTM D-256-5 6 63.5" X l2.7' X I17" (mm) Notch; 45'. 2.5 mm deep. 0.245 mm rad. "ASTM D-648-56 l27'- X 12.7" X 6.3 (mm) Prepared as in Example 7 "Treated as in Example 3; 'Prepared as in Example 7 either before or after the crazing treatment described 35 occurred on the test pieces from the aromatic coabove are given in Table 11, as compared to samples polyester containing 7% by weight of PEOB. On the without PEOB. contrary, on almost all of those of the aromatic co- Table l 1 Mechanical Properties of the Aromatic Co-polyester Not subjected to crazing treament ASTM D-638-64T Type-l Thickness 3.2 mm

"ASTM D-790-66 l30" X 13 X 6.4 (mm) 7 0.05

'"ASTM D-256-56 63.5- X l2.7 X l?..7 (mm) Notch 45". 2.5 mm deep 0.245 mm rad.

On the test pieces from the aromatic co-polyester polyester per se, cracking was observed. containing 7% by weight of PEOB, almost no reduction c in the intrinsic viscosity after the crazing treatment was 65 EXAMPLES 10714 An aromatic co-polyester was prepared by interfacial observed. On the contrary, on those from the aromatic co-polyester per se, an extreme reduction in intrinsic polycondensatlon as described In x mp 1 eP o using an aqueous solution containing 153.9 g of oviscosity was observed.

Further, the crack resistance test was conducted in ph nyl phenol and 70.8 g of sodium hydroxide. The the same way as described in Example 3. No cracking molar ratio of the terephthaloyl dichloride to the isophthaloyl dichloride was 1:1. The aromatic co-polyester prepared had a logarithmic viscosity of 0.60

The resulting aromatic co-polyester and PEOB (made by A-TELL Co. Ltd., [n] 0.64) were mixed for 20 minutes in a Supermixer using varying amounts of PEOB, i.e., 0, 3, 5, 10, 20 and 30 parts, respectively. The resulting mixed powders were dried to a water content below 0.02 weight at 120C, and then extruded at 300C and pelletized. The melt viscosity of the pellets was determined at 300C or 320C using 21 Flowtester. The results obtained are shown in Table 12. The aromatic co-polyesters containing PEOB of this invention have a reduced melt viscosity as compared with the aromatic copolyester without the PEOB.

Several of the mechanical properties of ASTM test pieces injection molded from these pellets are listed in Table 13. The conditions of the injection molding of the aromatic co-polyesters containing PEOB were: a molding temperature of 300C, an injection pressure of 1,200 Kg/cm and a mold temperature of 110C. For the aromatic co-polyester without PEOB, the molding temperature was 320C, the injection pressure was 1,300 Kg/cm and the mold temperature was 120C. The aromatic co-polyesters containing PEOB, i.e., Examples to 14, maintained good mechanical proper-v ties and crazing was not observed after they were subjected to the crazing treatment described in either Example l or Example 2.

Table 12 propane and a diphenyl terephthalate-diphenyl isophthalate mixture.

9.54 Kg of diphenyl terephthalate, 6.36 Kg of diphenyl isophthalate, the molar ratio of the diphenyl 10 nitrogen inlet tube. The mixture was heated to 200C under a dry nitrogen flow at atmospheric pressure.

After 1 hour, the nitrogen flow was stopped and the pressure was reduced to 10 mmHg. The reaction temperature was then gradually increased to 280C over a 30 minute period, while phenol was continuously bled from the reaction vessel. One hour after the pressure was reduced to 0.2 mml-lg the temperature was increased to 300C. The reaction mixture was maintained at these conditions for 4 hours. The reaction mixture and filtered, and then 200 l of acetone was poured into the polymer solution. The precipitated aromatic copolyester was separated and washed with water, then dried at 120C for 20 hours.

Melt Viscosity of Aromatic Co-polyesters Containing PEOB and Without PEOB Example Composition Aromatic Tempera- Shear Melt Co-polyester PEOB ture Stress Viscosity (C) (dyne/cm) (poise) 14 30 320 6 X 10 3.1 X 10 Aromatic Copolyester Only 100 0 320 6 X 10 4.0 X 10" 10 97 I 3 300 6 X 10 4.3 X 10 ll 95 :5 300 6 X 10 3.4 X 10' I4 70 30 300 6 X" 5.8 X 10 Aromatic Copolyester only 0 300 6 X l0 6.5 X 10" Table 13 Mechanical Properties of Aromatic Copolyesters Containing PEOB and Without PEOB v Example Composition Tensile Bending 7 Impact Heat Dis- Aromatic Co- Strength Strength Strength tortion polyester PEOB Temperature (Kg/cm") (Kg/cm (Kg.cm/cm) (C) 10 97 z 3 745 775 6.8 168 ll 5 750 785 6.8 166 12 90 I0 690 765 7.3 162 13 80 20 675 730 7.8 158 14 70 30 655 705 6.8 151 Aromatic Co-polyester Only 100 0 705 760 6.5 171 'ASTM D-638-64T Type1 Thickness 3.2 mm 'ASTM D-790-66 X 13" X 6.4 (mm) 7 0.05

ASTM D-256-56 63.5'- X 12.7" X 12.7" (mm) Notch; 45. 2.5 mm deep. 0.245 mm rad.

EXAMPLES 15-17 65 The logarithmic viscosity of the aromatic copolyester powder prepared was 0.63.

The aromatic co-polyester powder and PEOB (made by A-TELL Co. Ltd., [1 0.64) were added to a vesel. The mixture was stirred at 290C, while passing dry nitrogen gas therethrough for 10 minutes. The resulting melt was pelletized. The ASTM test pieces were injection molded from these pellets as described in Examples l2 16.

The melt viscosity of the pellets and the mechanical properties of the test pieces are listed in Tables 14 and 15. The aromatic co-polyesters containing PEOB had a reduced melt viscosity and essentially retained the excellent mechanical properties of the aromatic copolyester. Crazing was not observed after the crazing treatment as described in Example 1.

Table 14 24 95 parts of this aromatic co-polyester and 5 parts of PEOB powder (made by A-TELL Co. Ltd., [1 =0.64) were mixed, pelletized and injection molded as described in Example 1. 4 Crazing was not observed after a crazing treatment as described in Example 1 or in Example 2.

EXAMPLE-19 Anaromatic co-polyester which contained 2,2-bis(4- hydroxy-3,5-dibromo phenyl)propane was prepared as Melt Viscosity of the Aromatic Co-polyestcr Containing PEOB and Without PEOB Composition Aromatic Tempera- Shear Melt Example Co-polyester PEOB ture Stress Viscosity (C) (dyne/cm (poise) 90.10 320 6X10 1.3X10 16 8O 320 6 X 10 7.6 X 1O 17 70 320 6 X 10 3.8 X 10" Aromatic Co-polyester Only 100 I O 320 6 X 10" 4.5 X 10 15 90.10 300 6X 10 2.3X10" '16 80 20 300 6 X 1O 9.3 X 10" 17 70 30 300 6 X 1 0 6.3 X 10 Aromatic Co-polyester Only 100 1 O 300 6 X l0 7 0 X 10" Table 15 Mechanical Properties of the Aromatic Copolyester Containing PEOB and Without PEOB Composition Tensile" Bending Impact" Heat Dis- Aromatic Co- Strength Strength Strength tortion Example polyester PEOB Temperature (Kg/cm (Kglcm (Kg.cm/cm) (C) 15 90 10 695 770 7.4 163 16 80 20 685 735 8.0 158 17 70 30 665 715 7.3 150 Aromatic Co-polyester Only 100 0 710 765 7.2 174 "ASTM D-638-64T Type-l Thickness 3.2 mm 'ASTM D-790-66 130" X 13" X 6.4" (mm) y 0.05

ASTM D-256-56 63.5" X 12.7" X 12.7" (mm) Notch 2.5 mm deep. 0.245 mm rad.

ASTM D-648-56 127* X 12.7" X 6.3' (mm) 18.5 Kg/cm EXAMPLE 18 120 l of an aqueous alkaline solution which contained 4.97 Kg of 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, 0.88 Kg of 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dichlorophenyl)propane, 2.09 Kg of sodium hydroxide, 27.5 g of sodium hydrosulfide, 45 ml of trimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and 102.6 g of o-phenyl phenol and 60 l ofa methylene dichloride solution which contained 2.45 Kg of terephthaloyl dichloride and 2.45 Kg of isophthaloyl dichloride. The molar ratio of the 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)- propane to the 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5- dichlorophenyl)propane was 9:1, and the molar ratio of the terephthaloyl dichloride to the isophthaloyl dichloride was 1:1.

The process for the preparation of the aromatic copolyester was the same as was used in Example 1, except that the reaction time was 3 hours.

The logarithmic viscosity of the aromatic copolyester was 0.61.

stead of 0.88 Kg of 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3,S-dichloro phenyl)propane. The molar ratio of the 2,2-bis(4- hydroxy phenyl)propane to the 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5- dibromo phenyl)propane was 9:1, and the molar ratio of the terephthaloyl dichloride to the isophthaloyl dichloride was 1:1.

The logarithmic viscosity of the aromatic copolyester was 0.58.

parts of this aromatic co-polyester and 5 parts of a PEOB powder (made by A-TELL Co. Ltd., [0] 0.64) were mixed, pelletized and injection molded as described in Example 1.

Crazing was not observed after the crazing treatment as described in Example 1 or in Example 2.

EXAMPLE 20 An aromatic co-polyester was prepared by interfacial polycondensation. as described in Example 1, except for using 3.43 Kg of terephthaloyl dichloride and 1.47 Kg of isophthaloyl dichloride, the molar ratio of the terephthaloyl dichloride to the isophthaloyl dichloride being 7:3. The aromatic co-polyester had a logarithmic viscosity of 0.68. I

The aromatic co-polyester obtained was dissolved in methylene dichloride, with the concentration of aromatic co-polyester being about 10 weight To this aromatic co-polyester solution 20-mesh PEOB powder (made by A-TELL Co. Ltd., [7;] =O.69) was added to provide a slurry. The weight ratio of the aromatic copolyester to the PEOB was 93:7. With vigorous stirring, acetone at twice the volume of the methylene dichloride solution was added to the slurry and the aromatic co-polyester containing PEOB was precipitated as a powder. The precipitated polymer was washed with hot water and dried to a water content of below 0.02 weight Using this powder, ASTM test pieces were injection molded, with the molding temperature being 300C, the injection pressure being 1160 Kglcm and the mold temperature being 110C. The resulting test pieces were tested using the same crazing treatment as described in Example 1. Crazing was not observed.

EXAMPLE 21 An aromatic co-polyester was prepared by interfacial polycondensation as described in Example 1, except for using 1.47 Kg of terephthaloyl dichloride and 3.43 Kg of isophthaloyl dichloride, the molar ratio of the terephthaloyl dichloride to the isophthaloyl dichloride being 3:7. The aromatic copolyester obtained had a logarithmic viscosity of 0.70 Injection molded ASTM test pieces were prepared as described in Example 20 using 7 wt.% of PEOB. The physical properties of the moldings thus obtained before and after the crazing treatment are given in Table 17. As is clear from the results in Table 17, for the aromatic co-polyesters containing PEOB, the reduction in viscosity and physical properties after the crazing treatment were substantially not observed. They did not craze after being subjected to the crazing treatment as described in Example Table 17 Mechanical Properties of the Aromatic Co-polyester Sample Example 21 Aromatic Copolyester Containing Comparison Aromatic Co-polyester without Evaluation 7 wt.% of PEOB PEOB Untreated" Treated Untreated" Treated ninh 0.70 0.67 0.70 0.56 Tensile Strength (Kg/cm) 740 735 630 600 Bending Strength K glcm 780 760 740 Broken Modulus of Bending" (Kglcm 19,150 19,100 19,000 Broken Recovery Ratio after Bending 100 99 100 Broken Impact Strength" (Kg.cm/em) 8.7 8.6 8.6 3.5

"Not subjected to crazing treatment 'ASTM D-638-64T Type-I Thickness 3.2 mm

ASTM D-256-56 63.5" X X 12.7 (mm) Notch; 45", 2.5 mm deep. 0.245 mm rad.

Several of the mechanical properties of the test pieces either before or after the crazing treatment described above are given in Table 16, as compared to samples without PEOB.

Table 16 While the invention has been described in detail and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein with- Mechanical Properties of the Aromatic Co-polyester Sample Example 20 Comparison Aromatic Co-polyester (same as Example 20,

Aromatic Co-polyester Containing "Not subjected to crazing treatment *ASTM D-638-64T Type'l Thickness 3.2 mm

ASTM D-790-66 130' X 13" X 6.4 (mm) 'y= 0.05

"ASTM D-256-56 63.5 X 12.7" X 12.7" (mm) Notch 45", 2.5 mm deep, 0.245 mm rad.

27 out departing from the spirit and scope thereof.

What is claimed is: 1. A composition comprising an aromatic copolyester and poly(ethylene oxybenzoate), in which a. the aromatic co-polyester is a resinous product represented by the formula:

wherein X is -O, S, SO an alkylene group or an alkylidene group; R R R R R,, R R and R, which may be the same or different, each is a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and n is a positive integer which provides a resinous product;

b. the poly(ethylene oxybenzoate is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 50 weight based on the sum of the weight of said aromatic co-polyester and the poly(ethylene oxybenzoate); and c. the

moiety in the above formula is a terephthalic acid unit or an isophthalic acid unit, which is present in said aromatic co-polyester at a molar ratio of 9:1 to 1:9, respectively.

2. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of terephthalic acid units to isophthalic acid units is 7:3 to 3:7.

3. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of terephthalic acid units to isophthalic acid units is substantially 1:1.

4. The composition as claimed in claim 1, containing from 0.1 to weight of poly(ethylene oxybenzoate).

5. The composition as claimed in claim 1, containing from 5 to 30 weight of poly(ethylene oxybenzoate).

6. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of terephthalic acid units to isophthalic acid units is substantially 1:1 and containing from 0.1 to 5 weight of poly(ethylene oxybenzoate).

7. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of terephthalic acid units to isophthalic acid units is substantially 1:1 and containing from 5 to 30 weight of poly(ethylene oxybenzoate).

8. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the logarithmic viscosity (ninh) of said aromatic copolyester is from 0.3 to 1.0.

9. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intrinsic viscosity [1 of said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is from 0.3 to 1.3.

10. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of terephthalic acid units to isophthalic 28 acid units is substantially 1:1, said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 5 weight saidaromatic co polyester has a logarithmic viscosity ('qinh) of from 0.3 to 1.5 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) has an intrinsic viscosity [1)] of from 0.3 to 1.3.

11. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of terephthalic acid units to isophthalic acid units is substantially 1:1, said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 5 to 30 weight said aromatic co-polyester has a logarithmic viscosity (ninh) of from 0.3 to 1.5 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) has an intrinsic viscosity [1 of from 0.3 to 1.3.

12. A composition showing reduced crazing and improved moldability comprising an aromatic copolyester and poly(ethylene oxybenzoate), in which a. the aromatic copolyester is a resinous product represented by the formula:

wherein n is a positive integer which provides a resinous product;

b. the poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 50 weight based on the sum of the weight of said aromatic co-polyester and the poly(ethylene oxybenzoate); and

c. the

moiety in the above formula is a terephthalic acid unit or an isophthalic acid unit, which is present in said aromatic co-polyester at a molar ratio of 9:1 to 1:9, respectively.

13. The composition as claimed in claim 12, wherein the molar ratio of terephthalic acid units to isophthalic acid units is substantially 1:1.

14. The composition as claimed in claim 12, wherein said aromatic co-polyester has a logarithmic viscosity (ninh) of from 0.3 to 1.5 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 5%.

15. The composition as claimed in claim 12, wherein said aromatic co-polyester has a logarithmic viscosity (ninh) of from 0.3 to 1.5 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 5 to 30%.

16. The composition as claimed in claim 12, wherein said aromatic co-polyester has a logarithmic viscosity (ninh) of from 0.3 to 1.5, said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) has an intrinsic viscosity [1 of from 0.3 to 1.3 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 0.1 to

17. The composition as claimed in claim 12, wherein said aromatic co-polyester has a logarithmic viscosity (ninh) of from 0.3 to 1.5, said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) has an intrinsic viscosity [1;] of from 0.3 to 1.3 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 5 to 30%.

18. The composition as claimed in claim 13, wherein said aromatic co-polyester has a logarithmic viscosity (ninh) of from 0.4 to 0.8 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 5%.

19. The composition as claimed in claim 13, wherein said aromatic co-polyester has a logarithmic viscosity (ninh) of from 0.4 to 0.8 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 5 to 30%.

20. The composition as claimed in claim 18, wherein said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) has an intrinsic viscosity [1 of from 0.5 to 1.1.

21. The composition as claimed in claim 19, wherein said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) has an intrinsic viscosity [17] from 0.5 to 1.1.

22. A molded article produced from the composition of claim 1.

23. A method for reducing crazing and improving the moldability of molded articles of aromatic copolyesters as defined in claim 1 comprising blending from 0.1 to 50 weight of poly( ethylene oxybenzoate) therewith, based on the sum of the weight of said aromatic co-polyester and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate), prior to molding.

UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION PATENT NO. 3 884 990 DATED May 20, 1975 INVENTOR(S) Sakata et al Q It is certified that error appears in the ab0veidentified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Between Columns 5 and 6 please insert the following phenol and a mixture of a diaryl ester of terephthalic acid and Q isophthalic acid. A typical diaryl ester is the diphenyl ester The reaction temperature employed is in the range of from about 150 to 350 C, more preferably from 180 to 320 C. The reaction pr es sure is usually varied during the course of the reaction from atmospheric pressure at the early part of the reaction to reduced pressure, such as below 0.02 mmI-Ig, toward the end of the reaction.

f In melt polymerization, the molar ratio of the bisphenol and the mixture of ter ephthalic acid-isophthalic acid components to prepare a high molecular weight aromatic co-polyester must be i maintained exactly equivalent. Q A number of catalysts can be used. Catalysts which are preferably us ed are titanium compounds such as butyl orthotitanate and titanium dioxide. Other cata- Srgned and Sealed this Q i l a thirtieth D f March.1976 f [SEAL] i Arrest:

i RUTH C. MASON C. MARSHALL DANN i Arresting Officer Commissioner of Parents and Trademarks l 

1. A COMPOSITION COMPRISING AN AROMATIC CO-POLYESTER AND POLY(ETHYLENE OXYBENZOATE), IN WHICH A. THE AROMATIC CO-POLYESTER IS A RESINOUS PRODUCT REPRESENTED BY THE FORMULA:
 2. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of terephthalic acid units to isophthalic acid units is 7:3 to 3:7.
 3. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of terephthalic acid units to isophthalic acid units is substantially 1:1.
 4. The composition as claimed in claim 1, containing from 0.1 to 5 weight % of poly(ethylene oxybenzoate).
 5. The composition as claimed in claim 1, containing from 5 to 30 weight % of poly(ethylene oxybenzoate).
 6. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of terephthalic acid units to isophthalic acid units is substantially 1:1 and containing from 0.1 to 5 weight % of poly(ethylene oxybenzoate).
 7. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of terephthalic acid units to isophthalic acid units is substantially 1:1 and containing from 5 to 30 weight % of poly(ethylene oxybenzoate).
 8. The composition as Claimed in claim 1, wherein the logarithmic viscosity ( eta inh) of said aromatic co-polyester is from 0.3 to 1.0.
 9. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intrinsic viscosity ( eta ) of said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is from 0.3 to 1.3.
 10. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of terephthalic acid units to isophthalic acid units is substantially 1:1, said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 5 weight %, said aromatic co-polyester has a logarithmic viscosity ( eta inh) of from 0.3 to 1.5 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) has an intrinsic viscosity ( eta ) of from 0.3 to 1.3.
 11. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of terephthalic acid units to isophthalic acid units is substantially 1:1, said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 5 to 30 weight %, said aromatic co-polyester has a logarithmic viscosity ( eta inh) of from 0.3 to 1.5 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) has an intrinsic viscosity ( eta ) of from 0.3 to 1.3.
 12. A composition showing reduced crazing and improved moldability comprising an aromatic co-polyester and poly(ethylene oxybenzoate), in which a. the aromatic copolyester is a resinous product represented by the formula:
 13. The composition as claimed in claim 12, wherein the molar ratio of terephthalic acid units to isophthalic acid units is substantially 1:1.
 14. The composition as claimed in claim 12, wherein said aromatic co-polyester has a logarithmic viscosity ( eta inh) of from 0.3 to 1.5 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 5%.
 15. The composition as claimed in claim 12, wherein said aromatic co-polyester has a logarithmic viscosity ( eta inh) of from 0.3 to 1.5 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 5 to 30%.
 16. The composition as claimed in claim 12, wherein said aromatic co-polyester has a logarithmic viscosity ( eta inh) of from 0.3 to 1.5, said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) has an intrinsic viscosity ( eta ) of from 0.3 to 1.3 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 5%.
 17. The composition as claimed in claim 12, wherein said aromatic co-polyester has a logarithmic viscosity ( eta inh) of from 0.3 to 1.5, said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) has an intrinsic viscosity (72) of from 0.3 to 1.3 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 5 to 30%.
 18. The composition as claimed in claim 13, wherein said aromatic co-polyester has a logarithmic viscosity ( eta inh) of from 0.4 to 0.8 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 5%.
 19. The composition as claimed in claim 13, wherein said aromatic co-polyester has a logarithmic viscosity ( eta inh) of from 0.4 to 0.8 and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) is present in an amount of from 5 to 30%.
 20. The composition as claimed in claim 18, wherein said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) has an intrinsic viscosity ( eta ) of from 0.5 to 1.1.
 21. The composition as claimed in claim 19, wherein said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) has an intrinsic viscosity ( eta ) from 0.5 to 1.1.
 22. A molded article producEd from the composition of claim
 1. 23. A method for reducing crazing and improving the moldability of molded articles of aromatic co-polyesters as defined in claim 1 comprising blending from 0.1 to 50 weight % of poly(ethylene oxybenzoate) therewith, based on the sum of the weight of said aromatic co-polyester and said poly(ethylene oxybenzoate), prior to molding. 